What is the Essence of T.S. Eliot's play "Murder in the Cathedral"?

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Introduction

"Murder in the Cathedral" is a play written by T.S. Eliot in 1935, based on the martyrdom of Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. The play tells the story of Becket's return to Canterbury after a seven-year exile, and his eventual murder in the cathedral by four knights of King Henry II. The play explores several themes, including martyrdom and its spiritual significance, the conflict between the state and the church, and the social implications of the events depicted. We will here explain these themes and discuss their significance in the play.

Martyrdom and its Spiritual Significance

The key of T.S. Eliot's play "Murder in the Cathedral" is martyrdom and its spiritual significance. The play revolves around the character of Thomas Becket, a veritable martyr, and the central theme is his martyrdom, which constitutes the focal point of the drama. Eliot's portrayal of Becket's gradual development towards martyrdom and his ultimate acceptance of death and suffering in the spirit of a true martyr is the main focus of the play. Through the character of Becket, Eliot expresses his own views on the importance of spiritual values and the need for their revival in the modern age, which he believed was suffering from moral degeneration and spiritual paralysis. The play emphasizes that Christian martyrdom is not an accident or the result of a man's will to become a saint, but rather a design of God. 
image courtesy: wiki

Conflict between the State and the Church

"Murder in the Cathedral" by T.S. Eliot is a play that explores the conflict between the state and the church. Set in 1170, the play tells the story of Archbishop Thomas Becket, who is assassinated in Canterbury Cathedral by knights loyal to King Henry II. The play highlights the tension between the political power of the state and the spiritual authority of the church, and raises questions about the role of the church in society.

"Murder in the Cathedral" explores the balance of power between church and state, as well as between individuals and institutions. The play is based on the historical events surrounding the murder of Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, by four knights who believed they were carrying out the wishes of King Henry II.

Through the characters of Becket and Henry, Eliot depicts the struggle between the power of the church and the power of the state, as well as the tension between personal beliefs and institutional authority. Becket's steadfast refusal to compromise his principles, even in the face of political pressure, highlights the importance of individual agency and integrity in maintaining a balance of power between competing institutions.

Read through a Sociological Lens 


T.S. Eliot's play "Murder in the Cathedral" can be read through a sociological lens as a commentary on the state of England during the 12th as well as early 20th century. The play explores the tension between the individual and society, and the struggle for power and control. It portrays a society divided between those who support the church and those who support the state, with the Archbishop serving as a symbol of the former. The play also highlights the dangers of authoritarianism and the importance of individual freedom. Eliot's portrayal of the power struggles within society can be seen as a reflection of the political and social upheavals of his time.

Conclusion


"Murder in the Cathedral" is a powerful exploration of themes that are still relevant today, including martyrdom, the conflict between the State and the Church, and the sociological forces that shape individuals' actions. It remains a compelling work of literature that continues to inspire students and critics alike.

Key Points in our Discussion

  • Firstly, the play examines the theme of martyrdom and its spiritual significance. The central character, Thomas Becket, embraces martyrdom as a means of fulfilling his religious duty and achieving spiritual redemption. The play raises questions about the nature of sacrifice and the role of faith in an individual's life.
  • Secondly, "Murder in the Cathedral" depicts the conflict between the State and the Church, as Becket's devotion to his religious beliefs puts him at odds with the King's desire for control over the Church. The play explores the tension between political power and religious authority, which remains relevant today.
  • Finally, the play can be read through a sociological lens, highlighting the social structures and power dynamics that shape individuals' actions and beliefs. Eliot explores the societal expectations placed on individuals in positions of power and the limitations of their agency within larger social structures.
Ardhendu De

Ref:
1.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_in_the_Cathedral
2.Murder In The Cathedral : Eliot T S : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive. (n.d.). Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.86641

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